The Technology of Renewable Energy and Its Role in Achieving Sustainable Development

Abstract

Renewable energies are an important entry point for achieving sustainable development, as they rely on renewable natural resources such as the sun, wind, water and biomass, and differ from fossil fuels that deplete over time. Renewable energies provide opportunities to generate electricity and cover energy needs in many sectors such as industry, transportation and homes. In addition, the use of renewable energies contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, which contributes to protecting the environment and preserving public health. Renewable energies also enhance economic sustainability by providing new job opportunities and reducing countries' dependence on fuel imports. Thus, many economic, social and environmental benefits advance, and contribute to reducing the negative impacts of conventional energy production on the environment and public health. From an economic point of view, renewable energies provide lower costs in the long run, improve energy independence, provide job opportunities, and improve foreign trade. Socially, it improves community life and public health, improves the social climate, promotes inclusivity and improves food security. Environmentally, they reduce harmful emissions, improve air and water quality, reduce the depletion of natural resources, and preserve biodiversity. It can be said that investing in renewable energies represents an important step for achieving sustainable development in the long term, as it reduces production costs, improves quality, improves health, preserves the environment, and works to provide a more sustainable environment for current and future generations. Governments, businesses, and individuals can work together to promote the use of renewable energies and achieve sustainable development around the world. According to a report by the International Energy Agency, European Union countries invested about $66.7 billion in renewable energies in 2020, which is an increase of 5% over the previous year. Investments in renewable energies in the European Union depend on many factors, such as government incentives, declining renewable energy costs, economic and environmental benefits, and technology development.