Manufacturing Of A Solar Desalination System

Abstract

Distillation is a sophisticated process that transforms readily available water into clean, potable water by eliminating contaminants and pollutants. Among the diverse array of water distillation technologies, solar distillation distinguishes itself due to its cost-effectiveness in both production and operation. Leveraging solar energy as its primary resource, this method emerges as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to conventional techniques. This paper provides an overview of the principal classifications of solar water distillation processes, accompanied by a detailed exploration of the mechanisms underlying desalination within these categories. The central focus of this study is the development of a systematically engineered solar water distillation system for the purification of contaminated water. The solar distillation process begins with the evaporation of water, followed by condensation on a cooler surface, where the purified water is subsequently collected in a designated container. This arrangement, known as a basin-type distillation system, served as the foundation for constructing a prototype solar distillation device. The prototype demonstrated the capability to produce approximately 1.05 liters of purified water per day from an initial volume of 5 liters of non-potable water. The system's operational efficiency was evaluated at 45%, highlighting its potential as a viable solution for sustainable water purification.